結局ハードウェアエンコードってどうなの？(H265篇) #ffmpeg |
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さくらインターネット Advent Calendar 2021 2日目の記事です。 前置きどうも、さくらインターネットクラウド事業本部のやまけんです。 2018年のアドベントカレンダーにNVIDIAのGPUに搭載されているNVEncを使う話を書きましたがその続きになります。
おかげさまで上記記事については一定数のニーズがあるようで、CUDAのバージョンが上がったりNVIDIA VIDEO CODECのバージョンが上がったり、UbuntuのLTS版のバージョンが上がったりするたびにメンテナンスをしておりまして、未だ参考にしていただいてることに感謝いたします。 はてさて、この記事執筆から3年経ちまして、ハードウェアエンコードってどうなのっていうところで、比較検証などを記事にしたいと思います。 検証環境 Fujitsu TX1310M3 CPU Celeron G3930 Mem 16GB GPU1 Intel HD 630 GPU2 NVIDIA T400 OS Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS GPU NVIDIA T400についてNVIDIAから販売しているNVIDIA T400について紹介します。 いわゆるワークステーション向けQuadroラインナップですが、今年からデータセンター向けTeslaやワークステーション向けQuadroからそれぞれのブランド名が消えて NVIDIA なんちゃらという命名規則になりました。 本製品はQuadro P400の後継となり、Turing世代になりました。今のRTX30はAmpere世代ですから1世代古いものになります。 コンシューマ向けでいうところのGTX1650と同じTU117チップを利用していますが、CUDAコアが384個と半分以下に減らされていますので、実質GT1030の後継ぐらいの立ち位置ですかね。 お値段も安く、私がぷらっとオンラインで購入した際は14,390円でした。 現在販売終了してしまったのですが、近々メモリが倍の4GBとなって再販するので暫し待つと良いかと（値段も上がるとはいえ、それほど変わらない感じという噂) サイズも1UでLowProfile 消費電力30Wと、1Uサーバにも搭載できるサイズです(Fujitsu RX2530M4にて検証済み) 動画のエンコードだけをさせるにはちょうど良いGPUです。 Turing世代ではありますが、TU117はNVEncにおいてはPascalやVolta世代同等6th Genのため残念ながらH.265のBフレーム対応はしていません。 参考 Video Encode and Decode GPU Support Matrix https://developer.nvidia.com/video-encode-and-decode-gpu-support-matrix-new GPUカードのため、使用しているサーバによってはBMCチップのVGA機能と衝突してしまい、リモートKVMが使えなくなったりします。（Fujitsu RX2530M4 で確認） デスクトップでもオンボードGPUとも排他利用となっている場合は、同様ですので、注意が必要です。 検証環境構築今回はCPUに搭載されてるGPUであるIntel HD 630を使ったIntelQSVと、GPUカードのNVIDIA T400をつかったNVENC、X264によるソフトウェアエンコードの3つの環境で生成したファイルを動画品質評価に使うVMAFスコアを用いて判定します。 環境構築には下記の記事を参考に構築していきます。
Intel media stack componentsとiHDドライバのインストール Ubuntu19.04以降は公式aptに用意されてるので非常に楽です。 # Intel media stack componentsのインストール sudo apt-get install libva-dev libmfx-dev intel-media-va-driver-non-free vainfo export LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=iHDインストール完了後、vainfoを実行し、ドライバが見えるか確認しましょう。 test@test:~$ sudo vainfo error: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set in the environment. error: can't connect to X server! libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0 libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_7 libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0 vainfo: VA-API version: 1.7 (libva 2.6.0) vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 20.1.1 () vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointVideoProc VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointStats VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileVC1Simple : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVC1Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVC1Advanced : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointEncPicture VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointVLDDriver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 20.1.1 とのことで、問題なくiHDが使えます。 しかし、このままでは、エンコードに使う /dev/dri/renderD128 のパーミッションの問題で、一般ユーザーでffmpegを使う場合、HWエンコードができなくなります。 test@test:~$ ls -l /dev/dri/render* crw-rw---- 1 root render 226, 128 Aug 15 13:53 /dev/dri/renderD128 test@test:~$そこで、一般ユーザーでもアクセス可能にするための設定ファイルを作成します。 sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-render.rules 99-render.rules KERNEL=="render*" GROUP="render", MODE="0666"OS再起動後、デバイスのパーミッションを確認します。 test@test:~$ ls -l /dev/dri/render* crw-rw-rw- 1 root render 226, 128 Aug 15 13:53 /dev/dri/renderD128 test@test:~$vainfoも一般ユーザーで実行できるようになるはずです。 test@test:~$ vainfo error: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set in the environment. error: can't connect to X server! libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0 libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_7 libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0 vainfo: VA-API version: 1.7 (libva 2.6.0) vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 20.1.1 () vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointVideoProc VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointStats VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileVC1Simple : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVC1Main : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVC1Advanced : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointEncPicture VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointFEI VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointEncSlice VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointVLD CUDAのインストールNVIDIA CUDA Installation Guide for Linux に従って入れます https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html 今回はパッケージで入れたいと思いますので、 2. Pre-installation Actions 3. Package Manager Installation 7. Post-installation Actions こちらを進めれば良いです。 # Kernel Headerを入れる sudo apt-get install software-properties-common linux-headers-$(uname -r) # aptプライオリティpinファイルをDL wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2004/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu2004.pin # aptプライオリティpinファイルをaptのフォルダに移動 sudo mv cuda-ubuntu2004.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600 # GPGキーをインポート sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2004/x86_64/3bf863cc.pub リポジトリを登録 sudo add-apt-repository "deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2004/x86_64/ /" # リポジトリ更新 sudo apt-get update # CUDAインストール sudo apt-get -y install cuda # パスを通す echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-11.8/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}' >> ~/.bashrc echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-11.8/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}' >> ~/.bashrc source ~/.bashrcサーバなどで、GUIを使っておらず、CLI利用の場合、ドライバ類のインストールと共にX関連も入れるので、必要に応じてCLI起動するように設定しましょう。（必須ではありません。Tesla使ってたらそもそも不要） # 現在の設定を確認 test@test:~$ systemctl get-default graphical.targetgraphical.targetと帰ってくると、GUI起動になってるので、CLI(sysvinitでいうrunlevel3)に設定変更 # multi-user.target へ変更 test@test:~$sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.これで再起動後よりCLIになります。 インストールが完了したら再起動し、 nvidia-smi にてドライバインストールも含め完了しているか確認しましょう。 test@test:~$ nvidia-smi Wed Nov 17 15:13:37 2021 +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | NVIDIA-SMI 495.29.05 Driver Version: 495.29.05 CUDA Version: 11.5 | |-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ | GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC | | Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. | | | | MIG M. | |===============================+======================+======================| | 0 NVIDIA T400 On | 00000000:01:00.0 Off | N/A | | 38% 47C P8 N/A / 31W | 1MiB / 1876MiB | 0% Default | | | | N/A | +-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Processes: | | GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory | | ID ID Usage | |=============================================================================| | No running processes found | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ test@test:~$ FFmpegのインストールCompile FFmpeg for Ubuntu, Debian, or Mint https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/CompilationGuide/Ubuntu こちらをベースにffmpegとnv-codec-headersとlibvmaf以外はパッケージで入れます。 またインストールされるCUDAのバージョン次第で --extra-cflags="-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include" --extra-ldflags="-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64" を正しいCUDAライブラリのパスに直す必要があります。 # FFmpegコンパイルに必要なものを導入 sudo apt-get update -qq && sudo apt-get -y install \ autoconf \ automake \ build-essential \ cmake \ git-core \ libass-dev \ libfreetype6-dev \ libgnutls28-dev \ libunistring-dev \ libmp3lame-dev \ libtool \ libvorbis-dev \ meson \ ninja-build \ pkg-config \ texinfo \ wget \ yasm \ zlib1g-dev # 作業ディレクトリ作成 mkdir -p ~/ffmpeg_sources ~/bin # NASM インストール sudo apt-get -y install nasm # libx264 インストール sudo apt-get -y install libx264-dev # libx265 インストール sudo apt-get -y install libx265-dev libnuma-dev # libvpx インストール sudo apt-get -y install libvpx-dev # libfdk-aac インストール sudo apt-get -y install libfdk-aac-dev # libopus インストール sudo apt-get -y install libopus-dev # libaom インストール sudo apt-get -y install libaom-dev # libvmaf インストール cd ~/ffmpeg_sources && \ wget https://github.com/Netflix/vmaf/archive/v2.1.1.tar.gz && \ tar xvf v2.1.1.tar.gz && mkdir -p vmaf-2.1.1/libvmaf/build && \ cd vmaf-2.1.1/libvmaf/build && \ meson setup -Denable_tests=false -Denable_docs=false --buildtype=release --default-library=static .. --prefix "$HOME/ffmpeg_build" --bindir="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/bin" --libdir="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib" && \ ninja && \ ninja install # NVIDIA codec API インストール cd ~/ffmpeg_sources && \ git -C nv-codec-headers pull 2> /dev/null || git clone https://git.videolan.org/git/ffmpeg/nv-codec-headers && \ cd nv-codec-headers && \ make && \ make install PREFIX="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" # FFmpeg インストール cd ~/ffmpeg_sources && \ wget -O ffmpeg-snapshot.tar.bz2 https://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-snapshot.tar.bz2 && \ tar xjvf ffmpeg-snapshot.tar.bz2 && \ cd ffmpeg && \ PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib/pkgconfig" ./configure \ --prefix="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" \ --pkg-config-flags="--static" \ --extra-cflags="-I$HOME/ffmpeg_build/include" \ --extra-ldflags="-L$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib" \ --enable-cuda-nvcc \ --nvccflags="-gencode arch=compute_75,code=sm_75 -O2" \ --enable-cuvid \ --enable-nvenc \ --enable-libnpp \ --extra-cflags="-I/usr/local/cuda-11.8/include" \ --extra-ldflags="-L/usr/local/cuda-11.8/lib64" \ --extra-libs="-lpthread -lm" \ --ld="g++" \ --bindir="$HOME/bin" \ --enable-gpl \ --enable-gnutls \ --enable-libaom \ --enable-libass \ --enable-libfdk-aac \ --enable-libfreetype \ --enable-libmp3lame \ --enable-libopus \ --enable-libvorbis \ --enable-libvpx \ --enable-libx264 \ --enable-libx265 \ --enable-libvmaf \ --enable-vaapi \ --enable-libmfx \ --enable-nonfree && \ PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" make && \ make install && \ hash -r パスを通したり source ~/.profile echo "MANPATH_MAP $HOME/bin $HOME/ffmpeg_build/share/man" >> ~/.manpath 動作確認実際にインストールが成功したか、下記のコマンドでQSVエンコード関連オプションが使えるか確認します。 for i in buildconf hwaccels decoders filters encoders; do echo $i:; ffmpeg -hide_banner -${i} | egrep -i "qsv|vaapi|libmfx"; done結果はこのようになると思います。 test@test:~$ for i in buildconf hwaccels decoders filters encoders; do echo $i:; ffmpeg -hide_banner -${i} | egrep -i "qsv|vaapi|libmfx"; done buildconf: --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx hwaccels: vaapi qsv decoders: V....D av1_qsv AV1 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec av1) V....D h264_qsv H264 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec h264) V....D hevc_qsv HEVC video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec hevc) V....D mjpeg_qsv MJPEG video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec mjpeg) V....D mpeg2_qsv MPEG2VIDEO video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec mpeg2video) V....D vc1_qsv VC1 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec vc1) V....D vp8_qsv VP8 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec vp8) V....D vp9_qsv VP9 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec vp9) filters: ... deinterlace_qsv V->V QuickSync video deinterlacing ... deinterlace_vaapi V->V Deinterlacing of VAAPI surfaces ... denoise_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for de-noise ... overlay_qsv VV->V Quick Sync Video overlay. ... procamp_vaapi V->V ProcAmp (color balance) adjustments for hue, saturation, brightness, contrast ... scale_qsv V->V QuickSync video scaling and format conversion ... scale_vaapi V->V Scale to/from VAAPI surfaces. ... sharpness_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for sharpness ... tonemap_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for tone-mapping ... transpose_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for transpose ... vpp_qsv V->V Quick Sync Video VPP. encoders: V..... h264_qsv H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10 (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec h264) V....D h264_vaapi H.264/AVC (VAAPI) (codec h264) V..... hevc_qsv HEVC (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec hevc) V....D hevc_vaapi H.265/HEVC (VAAPI) (codec hevc) V..... mjpeg_qsv MJPEG (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec mjpeg) V....D mjpeg_vaapi MJPEG (VAAPI) (codec mjpeg) V..... mpeg2_qsv MPEG-2 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec mpeg2video) V....D mpeg2_vaapi MPEG-2 (VAAPI) (codec mpeg2video) V....D vp8_vaapi VP8 (VAAPI) (codec vp8) V....D vp9_vaapi VP9 (VAAPI) (codec vp9) V..... vp9_qsv VP9 video (Intel Quick Sync Video acceleration) (codec vp9) test@test:~$次にNVENCも使えるか確認します。 for i in buildconf hwaccels decoders filters encoders; do echo $i:; ffmpeg -hide_banner -${i} | egrep -i "npp|cuvid|nvenc|cuda|nvdec"; done結果はこのようになると思います。 test@test:~$ for i in buildconf hwaccels decoders filters encoders; do echo $i:; ffmpeg -hide_banner -${i} | egrep -i "npp|cuvid|nvenc|cuda|nvdec"; done buildconf: --enable-cuda-nvcc --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.4/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.4/lib64 hwaccels: cuda decoders: V..... av1_cuvid Nvidia CUVID AV1 decoder (codec av1) V..... h264_cuvid Nvidia CUVID H264 decoder (codec h264) V..... hevc_cuvid Nvidia CUVID HEVC decoder (codec hevc) V..... mjpeg_cuvid Nvidia CUVID MJPEG decoder (codec mjpeg) V..... mpeg1_cuvid Nvidia CUVID MPEG1VIDEO decoder (codec mpeg1video) V..... mpeg2_cuvid Nvidia CUVID MPEG2VIDEO decoder (codec mpeg2video) V..... mpeg4_cuvid Nvidia CUVID MPEG4 decoder (codec mpeg4) V..... vc1_cuvid Nvidia CUVID VC1 decoder (codec vc1) V..... vp8_cuvid Nvidia CUVID VP8 decoder (codec vp8) V..... vp9_cuvid Nvidia CUVID VP9 decoder (codec vp9) filters: ... hwupload_cuda V->V Upload a system memory frame to a CUDA device. ... overlay_cuda VV->V Overlay one video on top of another using CUDA ... scale_cuda V->V GPU accelerated video resizer ... scale_npp V->V NVIDIA Performance Primitives video scaling and format conversion ... thumbnail_cuda V->V Select the most representative frame in a given sequence of consecutive frames. ... transpose_npp V->V NVIDIA Performance Primitives video transpose T.. yadif_cuda V->V Deinterlace CUDA frames encoders: V....D h264_nvenc NVIDIA NVENC H.264 encoder (codec h264) V..... nvenc NVIDIA NVENC H.264 encoder (codec h264) V..... nvenc_h264 NVIDIA NVENC H.264 encoder (codec h264) V..... nvenc_hevc NVIDIA NVENC hevc encoder (codec hevc) V....D hevc_nvenc NVIDIA NVENC hevc encoder (codec hevc) test@test:~$ 比較検証 VMAFについてVMAF Video Multimethod Assessment Fusion はアメリカ南カリフォルニア大学と、フランスのナント大学デジタル科学研究所IPIラボ、アメリカテキサス大学オースティン校のイメージ&ビデオ工学研究室が協力し、Netflixが開発した動画の品質を評価するツールです。 比較した動画が近ければ近いほど100点になりますし、全く違っていれば0点になります。 詳しい紹介は弊社のさくらのナレッジに紹介記事がありますので、そちらを参考にしていただければ。
今回は上記記事を参考に、H.264の動画をH.265にトランスコードして変換速度や品質という点で評価をしていきたいと思います。 VMAF比較モデルデータの入手 wget https://github.com/Netflix/vmaf/archive/refs/heads/master.zip unzip master.zip 'vmaf-master/model/*' sudo cp -r vmaf-master/model /usr/local/share/ 比較用動画の入手今回は Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 で公開されている動画 Big Buck Bunny を使用します。 動画ライセンスについてはこちら https://peach.blender.org/about/ wget http://distribution.bbb3d.renderfarming.net/video/mp4/bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4この動画のビットレートや長さなど詳細情報をffprobeコマンドで確認します。 test@test:~$ ffprobe -i bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4 ffprobe version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2007-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:39.000000Z title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation composer : Sacha Goedegebure Duration: 00:10:34.53, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 3481 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2998 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:39.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Audio: mp3 (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 160 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:42.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Audio Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream #0:2[0x3](und): Audio: ac3 (ac-3 / 0x332D6361), 48000 Hz, 5.1(side), fltp, 320 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:42.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Audio Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Side data: audio service type: main ubuntu@test:~$ Duration: 00:10:34.53, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 3481 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2998 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default)10分34秒53の長さで平均ビットレート3481 kb/s 1920x1080 30fps のh264のファイルというのが確認できました。 このままでは、動画の尺が長すぎるので、3分の動画に切り取り、音声トラックも不要なのでカットしたものを使用したいと思います。 ffmpeg -ss 15 -t 180 -i bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -y base.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ ffmpeg -ss 15 -t 180 -i bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -y base.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:39.000000Z title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation composer : Sacha Goedegebure Duration: 00:10:34.53, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 3481 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2998 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:39.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Audio: mp3 (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 160 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:42.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Audio Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream #0:2[0x3](und): Audio: ac3 (ac-3 / 0x332D6361), 48000 Hz, 5.1(side), fltp, 320 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:42.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Audio Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Side data: audio service type: main Output #0, mp4, to 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 composer : Sacha Goedegebure title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 2998 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2013-12-16T17:44:39.000000Z handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help frame= 5600 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize= 57406kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate=2613.1kbits/s speed=2.5e+03x video:57344kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.107650% ubuntu@test:~$これで、平均ビットレート 2613.1kbits/s 容量 57406kB な base.mp4という動画ができあがります。 Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default)動画の長さが ほぼ3分平均ビットレートが 2611 kb/sとなりました。また、音声トラックも無くなっています。 1.デフォルト設定での比較特にビットレートや品質をいじらず、デフォルト設定で吐き出す動画での比較をまず行います。 X265 エンコードx265でエンコードします。timeコマンドをつけて時間を測定します。 time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_x265.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_x265.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> hevc (libx265)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help x265 [info]: HEVC encoder version 3.2.1+1-b5c86a64bbbe x265 [info]: build info [Linux][GCC 9.3.0][64 bit] 8bit+10bit+12bit x265 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast LZCNT SSSE3 SSE4.2 x265 [info]: Main profile, Level-4 (Main tier) x265 [info]: Thread pool created using 2 threads x265 [info]: Slices : 1 x265 [info]: frame threads / pool features : 1 / wpp(17 rows) x265 [info]: Coding QT: max CU size, min CU size : 64 / 8 x265 [info]: Residual QT: max TU size, max depth : 32 / 1 inter / 1 intra x265 [info]: ME / range / subpel / merge : hex / 57 / 2 / 3 x265 [info]: Keyframe min / max / scenecut / bias: 25 / 250 / 40 / 5.00 x265 [info]: Lookahead / bframes / badapt : 20 / 4 / 2 x265 [info]: b-pyramid / weightp / weightb : 1 / 1 / 0 x265 [info]: References / ref-limit cu / depth : 3 / off / on x265 [info]: AQ: mode / str / qg-size / cu-tree : 2 / 1.0 / 32 / 1 x265 [info]: Rate Control / qCompress : CRF-28.0 / 0.60 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip signhide tmvp b-intra x265 [info]: tools: strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded1_x265.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 libx265 Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5402 fps= 11 q=36.0 Lsize= 24645kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate=1121.8kbits/s speed=0.355x video:24576kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:2kB muxing overhead: 0.282367% x265 [info]: frame I: 44, Avg QP:23.79 kb/s: 32273.90 x265 [info]: frame P: 1446, Avg QP:29.02 kb/s: 2387.69 x265 [info]: frame B: 3912, Avg QP:35.24 kb/s: 297.00 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.1% UV:0.1% x265 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 12.1% 5.0% 13.6% 46.9% 22.4% encoded 5402 frames in 506.12s (10.67 fps), 1117.09 kb/s, Avg QP:33.48 real 8m27.114s user 16m25.939s sys 0m0.793s ubuntu@test:~$エンコード時間は8分27秒 平均ビットレートは1117.09 kb/s QPの平均は33.48とのこと。 ファイル容量としては24645kBになりました。 VMAF今度は、動画品質を比較します。3分そのまま比較するには時間がかかるので、冒頭30秒程度で比較します。 ffmpeg -i encoded1_x265.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 90.875059平均スコアは90.875059点です IntelQSV エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_qsv.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_qsv.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_qsv) -> hevc (hevc_qsv)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded1_qsv.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), qsv(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_qsv Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A [h264_qsv @ 0x55b379e9e980] A decode call did not consume any data: expect more data at input (-10) Last message repeated 2 times frame= 5403 fps= 68 q=-0.0 Lsize= 18767kB time=00:02:59.93 bitrate= 854.4kbits/s speed=2.25x video:18696kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.375563% real 1m20.087s user 0m11.801s sys 0m4.269s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded1_qsv.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 61.542799 NVENC エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_nvenc.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded1_nvenc.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_cuvid) -> hevc (hevc_nvenc)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded1_nvenc.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (Main) (hvc1 / 0x31637668), cuda(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 2000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_nvenc Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/2000000 buffer size: 4000000 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5404 fps=448 q=24.0 Lsize= 46456kB time=00:03:00.10 bitrate=2113.1kbits/s dup=0 drop=196 speed=14.9x video:46433kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.049782% real 0m12.366s user 0m2.908s sys 0m0.777s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded1_nvenc.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 57.907177 デフォルト設定でのまとめ 元ファイル X265 IntelQSV NVEnc 容量 57406kB 24645kB 18767kB 46456kB エンコード時間 - 8m27.114s 1m20.087s 0m12.366s 品質 100 90.875059 61.542799 57.907177デフォルト設定では、どれも元ファイルからは小さくなりましたが、IntelQSVは品質の劣化が激しすぎました。 NVEncは高速ですが、容量も減らず、画質も低いという結果に。 パラメータ設定を色々いじらなければならないという点と、ソフトウェアエンコードのチューニングの高さを感じました。 2.ビットレート1500kbpsでの比較今度はビットレートを全部同じにして測ります。 X265 エンコード time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_x265.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_x265.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> hevc (libx265)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help x265 [info]: HEVC encoder version 3.2.1+1-b5c86a64bbbe x265 [info]: build info [Linux][GCC 9.3.0][64 bit] 8bit+10bit+12bit x265 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast LZCNT SSSE3 SSE4.2 x265 [info]: Main profile, Level-4 (Main tier) x265 [info]: Thread pool created using 2 threads x265 [info]: Slices : 1 x265 [info]: frame threads / pool features : 1 / wpp(17 rows) x265 [info]: Coding QT: max CU size, min CU size : 64 / 8 x265 [info]: Residual QT: max TU size, max depth : 32 / 1 inter / 1 intra x265 [info]: ME / range / subpel / merge : hex / 57 / 2 / 3 x265 [info]: Keyframe min / max / scenecut / bias: 25 / 250 / 40 / 5.00 x265 [info]: Lookahead / bframes / badapt : 20 / 4 / 2 x265 [info]: b-pyramid / weightp / weightb : 1 / 1 / 0 x265 [info]: References / ref-limit cu / depth : 3 / off / on x265 [info]: AQ: mode / str / qg-size / cu-tree : 2 / 1.0 / 32 / 1 x265 [info]: Rate Control / qCompress : ABR-1500 kbps / 0.60 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip signhide tmvp b-intra x265 [info]: tools: strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded2_x265.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1500 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 libx265 Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1500000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5402 fps=9.9 q=34.0 Lsize= 33230kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate=1512.6kbits/s speed=0.331x video:33161kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:2kB muxing overhead: 0.209701% x265 [info]: frame I: 44, Avg QP:21.05 kb/s: 42710.20 x265 [info]: frame P: 1446, Avg QP:25.93 kb/s: 3180.38 x265 [info]: frame B: 3912, Avg QP:32.67 kb/s: 425.94 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.1% UV:0.1% x265 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 12.1% 5.0% 13.6% 46.9% 22.4% encoded 5402 frames in 542.08s (9.97 fps), 1507.66 kb/s, Avg QP:30.77 real 9m3.057s user 17m34.614s sys 0m0.845s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded2_x265.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 89.445395 IntelQSV エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_qsv.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_qsv.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_qsv) -> hevc (hevc_qsv)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded2_qsv.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), qsv(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1500 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_qsv Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1500000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A [h264_qsv @ 0x5648a970d9c0] A decode call did not consume any data: expect more data at input (-10) Last message repeated 2 times frame= 5403 fps= 67 q=-0.0 Lsize= 29281kB time=00:02:59.93 bitrate=1333.1kbits/s speed=2.23x video:29210kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.240921% real 1m20.839s user 0m11.740s sys 0m4.166s VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded2_qsv.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 69.507522 NVENC エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_nvenc.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -vb 1500k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded2_nvenc.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_cuvid) -> hevc (hevc_nvenc)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded2_nvenc.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (Main) (hvc1 / 0x31637668), cuda(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1500 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_nvenc Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1500000 buffer size: 3000000 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5404 fps=447 q=26.0 Lsize= 35671kB time=00:03:00.10 bitrate=1622.5kbits/s dup=0 drop=196 speed=14.9x video:35648kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.064404% real 0m12.364s user 0m3.036s sys 0m0.625s VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded2_nvenc.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 56.520844 ビットレート1500kbpsでのまとめ 元ファイル X265 IntelQSV NVEnc 容量 57406kB 33230kB 29281kB 35671kB エンコード時間 - 9m3.057s 1m20.839s 0m12.364s 品質 100 89.445395 69.507522 56.520844QSVは容量としては一番小さいですが、画質がいまひとつな感じ、NVEncは画質の割に容量が大きいと、速さだけが取り柄な感じに 3.ビットレート1000kbpsでの比較 X265 エンコード time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_x265.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_x265.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> hevc (libx265)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help x265 [info]: HEVC encoder version 3.2.1+1-b5c86a64bbbe x265 [info]: build info [Linux][GCC 9.3.0][64 bit] 8bit+10bit+12bit x265 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast LZCNT SSSE3 SSE4.2 x265 [info]: Main profile, Level-4 (Main tier) x265 [info]: Thread pool created using 2 threads x265 [info]: Slices : 1 x265 [info]: frame threads / pool features : 1 / wpp(17 rows) x265 [info]: Coding QT: max CU size, min CU size : 64 / 8 x265 [info]: Residual QT: max TU size, max depth : 32 / 1 inter / 1 intra x265 [info]: ME / range / subpel / merge : hex / 57 / 2 / 3 x265 [info]: Keyframe min / max / scenecut / bias: 25 / 250 / 40 / 5.00 x265 [info]: Lookahead / bframes / badapt : 20 / 4 / 2 x265 [info]: b-pyramid / weightp / weightb : 1 / 1 / 0 x265 [info]: References / ref-limit cu / depth : 3 / off / on x265 [info]: AQ: mode / str / qg-size / cu-tree : 2 / 1.0 / 32 / 1 x265 [info]: Rate Control / qCompress : ABR-1000 kbps / 0.60 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip signhide tmvp b-intra x265 [info]: tools: strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded3_x265.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 libx265 Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5402 fps= 11 q=37.0 Lsize= 22257kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate=1013.1kbits/s speed=0.362x video:22187kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:2kB muxing overhead: 0.312640% x265 [info]: frame I: 44, Avg QP:24.26 kb/s: 30861.06 x265 [info]: frame P: 1446, Avg QP:29.50 kb/s: 2045.53 x265 [info]: frame B: 3912, Avg QP:36.03 kb/s: 289.32 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.1% UV:0.1% x265 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 12.1% 5.0% 13.6% 46.9% 22.4% encoded 5402 frames in 496.52s (10.88 fps), 1008.43 kb/s, Avg QP:34.18 real 8m17.488s user 16m7.761s sys 0m0.773s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded3_x265.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 84.688443 IntelQSV エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_qsv.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_qsv.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_qsv) -> hevc (hevc_qsv)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded3_qsv.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), qsv(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_qsv Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A [h264_qsv @ 0x564179dc39c0] A decode call did not consume any data: expect more data at input (-10) Last message repeated 2 times frame= 5403 fps= 68 q=-0.0 Lsize= 18767kB time=00:02:59.93 bitrate= 854.4kbits/s speed=2.26x video:18696kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.375563% real 1m19.657s user 0m11.701s sys 0m4.231s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded3_qsv.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 61.542799 NVENC エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_nvenc.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -vb 1000k -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded3_nvenc.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_cuvid) -> hevc (hevc_nvenc)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded3_nvenc.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (Main) (hvc1 / 0x31637668), cuda(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_nvenc Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 2000000 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5404 fps=445 q=29.0 Lsize= 24597kB time=00:03:00.10 bitrate=1118.8kbits/s dup=0 drop=196 speed=14.8x video:24574kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.092730% real 0m12.409s user 0m2.938s sys 0m0.640s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded3_nvenc.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 53.518960 ビットレート1000kbpsでのまとめ 元ファイル X265 IntelQSV NVEnc 容量 57406kB 22257kB 18767kB 24597kB エンコード時間 - 8m17.488s 1m19.657s 0m12.409s 品質 100 84.688443 61.542799 53.518960ここでも容量が少なかったのはQSVですが、やはり、品質もそれなりという記録に。 NVEncは早いけど品質がという点はやはり変わらず。 4.qP20での比較qPはH264やH265で行われてる離散コサイン変換の量子化におけるパラメータの一つで、数字が少なければ少ないほど画質が向上し0の場合量子化を行わないため可逆圧縮となる。 X265 エンコード time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -crf 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_x265.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -crf 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_x265.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> hevc (libx265)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help x265 [info]: HEVC encoder version 3.2.1+1-b5c86a64bbbe x265 [info]: build info [Linux][GCC 9.3.0][64 bit] 8bit+10bit+12bit x265 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast LZCNT SSSE3 SSE4.2 x265 [info]: Main profile, Level-4 (Main tier) x265 [info]: Thread pool created using 2 threads x265 [info]: Slices : 1 x265 [info]: frame threads / pool features : 1 / wpp(17 rows) x265 [info]: Coding QT: max CU size, min CU size : 64 / 8 x265 [info]: Residual QT: max TU size, max depth : 32 / 1 inter / 1 intra x265 [info]: ME / range / subpel / merge : hex / 57 / 2 / 3 x265 [info]: Keyframe min / max / scenecut / bias: 25 / 250 / 40 / 5.00 x265 [info]: Lookahead / bframes / badapt : 20 / 4 / 2 x265 [info]: b-pyramid / weightp / weightb : 1 / 1 / 0 x265 [info]: References / ref-limit cu / depth : 3 / off / on x265 [info]: AQ: mode / str / qg-size / cu-tree : 2 / 1.0 / 32 / 1 x265 [info]: Rate Control / qCompress : CRF-20.0 / 0.60 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip signhide tmvp b-intra x265 [info]: tools: strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded4_x265.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 libx265 Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5402 fps=8.5 q=28.0 Lsize= 67010kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate=3050.3kbits/s speed=0.282x video:66940kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:2kB muxing overhead: 0.104675% x265 [info]: frame I: 44, Avg QP:15.80 kb/s: 68891.00 x265 [info]: frame P: 1446, Avg QP:20.51 kb/s: 7221.56 x265 [info]: frame B: 3912, Avg QP:27.02 kb/s: 759.82 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.1% UV:0.1% x265 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 12.1% 5.0% 13.6% 46.9% 22.4% encoded 5402 frames in 636.93s (8.48 fps), 3044.43 kb/s, Avg QP:25.19 real 10m37.926s user 20m34.709s sys 0m0.929s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded4_x265.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 96.116558 IntelQSV エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -q 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_qsv.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -q 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_qsv.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_qsv) -> hevc (hevc_qsv)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded4_qsv.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), qsv(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_qsv Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A [h264_qsv @ 0x55c4959db240] A decode call did not consume any data: expect more data at input (-10) Last message repeated 2 times frame= 5403 fps= 71 q=-0.0 Lsize= 63605kB time=00:02:59.93 bitrate=2895.8kbits/s speed=2.35x video:63540kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.103299% real 1m16.614s user 0m10.170s sys 0m4.166s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded4_qsv.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 76.933815 NVENC エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -cq 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_nvenc.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -cq 20 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded4_nvenc.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_cuvid) -> hevc (hevc_nvenc)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded4_nvenc.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (Main) (hvc1 / 0x31637668), cuda(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_nvenc Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 4000000 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5404 fps=421 q=12.0 Lsize= 181398kB time=00:03:00.10 bitrate=8251.0kbits/s dup=0 drop=196 speed= 14x video:181373kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.013716% real 0m13.124s user 0m3.218s sys 0m0.996s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded4_nvenc.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 61.453680 qP20でのでのまとめ 元ファイル X265 IntelQSV NVEnc 容量 57406kB 67010kB 63605kB 181398kB エンコード時間 - 10m37.926s 1m16.614s 0m13.124s 品質 100 96.116558 76.933815 61.453680QP指定しての圧縮だと、QSVもなかなか良い値に持ってくる。 NVEncは使用してるカードがBフレーム圧縮非対応なので、それが原因なのか非常に大きいファイルが出来上がってしまった。 その割に品質が劣っているのでどうしようもない。 5.qP35での比較 X265 エンコード time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -crf 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_x265.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -i base.mp4 -c:v libx265 -crf 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_x265.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> hevc (libx265)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help x265 [info]: HEVC encoder version 3.2.1+1-b5c86a64bbbe x265 [info]: build info [Linux][GCC 9.3.0][64 bit] 8bit+10bit+12bit x265 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast LZCNT SSSE3 SSE4.2 x265 [info]: Main profile, Level-4 (Main tier) x265 [info]: Thread pool created using 2 threads x265 [info]: Slices : 1 x265 [info]: frame threads / pool features : 1 / wpp(17 rows) x265 [info]: Coding QT: max CU size, min CU size : 64 / 8 x265 [info]: Residual QT: max TU size, max depth : 32 / 1 inter / 1 intra x265 [info]: ME / range / subpel / merge : hex / 57 / 2 / 3 x265 [info]: Keyframe min / max / scenecut / bias: 25 / 250 / 40 / 5.00 x265 [info]: Lookahead / bframes / badapt : 20 / 4 / 2 x265 [info]: b-pyramid / weightp / weightb : 1 / 1 / 0 x265 [info]: References / ref-limit cu / depth : 3 / off / on x265 [info]: AQ: mode / str / qg-size / cu-tree : 2 / 1.0 / 32 / 1 x265 [info]: Rate Control / qCompress : CRF-35.0 / 0.60 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip signhide tmvp b-intra x265 [info]: tools: strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded5_x265.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 libx265 Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5402 fps= 13 q=43.0 Lsize= 10350kB time=00:02:59.96 bitrate= 471.1kbits/s speed=0.42x video:10281kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:2kB muxing overhead: 0.672828% x265 [info]: frame I: 44, Avg QP:30.80 kb/s: 14992.60 x265 [info]: frame P: 1446, Avg QP:36.75 kb/s: 907.22 x265 [info]: frame B: 3912, Avg QP:42.40 kb/s: 140.59 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.1% UV:0.1% x265 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 12.1% 5.0% 13.6% 46.9% 22.4% encoded 5402 frames in 427.98s (12.62 fps), 466.78 kb/s, Avg QP:40.79 real 7m8.962s user 13m55.681s sys 0m0.793s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded5_x265.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 78.392523 IntelQSV エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -q 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_qsv.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_output_format qsv -c:v h264_qsv -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_qsv -q 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_qsv.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_qsv) -> hevc (hevc_qsv)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded5_qsv.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (hvc1 / 0x31637668), qsv(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 1000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_qsv Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/1000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A [h264_qsv @ 0x555e6b934240] A decode call did not consume any data: expect more data at input (-10) Last message repeated 2 times frame= 5403 fps= 74 q=-0.0 Lsize= 10471kB time=00:02:59.93 bitrate= 476.7kbits/s speed=2.47x video:10407kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.622844% real 1m12.999s user 0m10.296s sys 0m3.795s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded5_qsv.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 65.246589 NVENC エンコード time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -cq 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_nvenc.mp4 ubuntu@test:~$ time ffmpeg -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -c:v h264_cuvid -i base.mp4 -c:v hevc_nvenc -cq 35 -tag:v hvc1 -y encoded5_nvenc.mp4 ffmpeg version N-104716-g96caa01f13 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) configuration: --prefix=/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/ubuntu/ffmpeg_build/lib --enable-cuda-nvcc --nvccflags='-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -O2' --enable-cuvid --enable-nvenc --enable-libnpp --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/cuda-11.5/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/cuda-11.5/lib64 --extra-libs='-lpthread -lm' --ld=g++ --bindir=/home/ubuntu/bin --enable-gpl --enable-gnutls --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libvmaf --enable-vaapi --enable-libmfx --enable-nonfree libavutil 57. 9.101 / 57. 9.101 libavcodec 59. 14.100 / 59. 14.100 libavformat 59. 9.102 / 59. 9.102 libavdevice 59. 0.101 / 59. 0.101 libavfilter 8. 17.100 / 8. 17.100 libswscale 6. 1.101 / 6. 1.101 libswresample 4. 0.100 / 4. 0.100 libpostproc 56. 0.100 / 56. 0.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'base.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure encoder : Lavf59.9.102 comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net genre : Animation Duration: 00:03:00.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2611 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 2608 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (h264_cuvid) -> hevc (hevc_nvenc)) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help Output #0, mp4, to 'encoded5_nvenc.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 512 compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41 title : Big Buck Bunny, Sunflower version artist : Blender Foundation 2008, Janus Bager Kristensen 2013 composer : Sacha Goedegebure genre : Animation comment : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - http://bbb3d.renderfarming.net encoder : Lavf59.9.102 Stream #0:0(und): Video: hevc (Main) (hvc1 / 0x31637668), cuda(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 15360 tbn (default) Metadata: handler_name : GPAC ISO Video Handler vendor_id : [0][0][0][0] encoder : Lavc59.14.100 hevc_nvenc Side data: cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 4000000 vbv_delay: N/A frame= 5404 fps=447 q=27.0 Lsize= 33893kB time=00:03:00.10 bitrate=1541.6kbits/s dup=0 drop=196 speed=14.9x video:33870kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.067662% real 0m12.360s user 0m2.978s sys 0m0.632s ubuntu@test:~$ VMAF ffmpeg -i encoded5_nvenc.mp4 -i base.mp4 -lavfi "[0:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[aa]; \ [1:v]settb=AVTB,setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[bb]; \ [aa][bb]libvmaf=log_fmt=xml:log_path=/dev/stdout: \ model_path=/usr/local/share/model/vmaf_v0.6.1.json: \ n_threads=16:shortest=1:repeatlast=0" -an -f null -t 30 - VMAF score: 57.821041 qP35でのでのまとめ 元ファイル X265 IntelQSV NVEnc 容量 57406kB 10350kB 10471kB 33893kB エンコード時間 - 7m8.962s 1m12.999s 0m12.360s VMAF品質 100 78.392523 65.246589 57.821041X265とQSVは容量がほぼ近いが、画質で比較すると まとめ改めてx265とQSV、NVEncを比較しましたが、単純にビットレートやqP指定でのエンコードの場合、HWエンコーダの特性を考えて最適な値にしないと、ただ早くて画質は悪いという状況になるため、パラメータの調整が必須というのがよくわかったのと、 VMAFにて客観的な比較ができるため、VMAFの値を参考にチューニングをする必要がある。 今回NVEncが散々な値になっているのは、一つにTU117がH265のBフレーム圧縮に対応していないため、容量が大きくなりやすいという傾向があると考えられる。 この辺は Tesla T4など Bフレーム圧縮対応の環境で追加比較を行いたい。 また、今回は圧縮時間の劇的な差を見るためにH265にした経緯があるが、H264のトランスコードという状況でも追加検証を行なってみたい。 今回はこの辺で時間切れのため、後日追加検証の上、記事をあげたいと思う。 |
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